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Introduction to GSM

Introduction to GSM Book
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Interleaving Interleaving
Interleaving is the reordering of data that is to be transmitted so that consecutive bytes of data are distributed over a larger sequence of data to reduce the effect of burst errors. The use of interleaving greatly increases the ability of error protection codes to correct for burst errors. Many of the error protection coding processes can correct for small numbers of errors, but cannot correct for errors that occur in groups.
Interleaving Interleaving Operation
Interleaving Operation
This diagram shows that a block of data information may be distributed over multiple time slots or frames in a carrier line to distribute the effect of burst errors on the information signal. In this example, a block of digital audio is being transmitted through a radio channel. The digital audio is divided into blocks of 4 bits and the bits for each block are distributed (interleaved) over a communication channel. During the transmission, a lightning bolt creates a burst of electrical noise that disrupts 3 bits of data transmission. Because these bits are interleaved, the received data has burst errors that are distributed. This allows the audio to be continuously heard with a marginal amount of distortion instead of completely losing the audio during the burst errors.
Physical Channels, Logical Channels, Network Functions, and Operation GSM Books
Introduction to GSM Book
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Introduction to GSM
This book explains the basic components, technologies used, and operation of GSM systems. This book starts with the system components and basic services that the GSM system can provide. You will learn that the key types of GSM devices include single mode and dual mode mobile telephones, wireless PCMCIA cards, embedded radio modules, and external radio modems. You will then discover the different types of available services such as multiple types of voice services, data services, group call, and messaging services.

$19.99 Printed, $16.99 eBook
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